While the landmark Citizens United case concerned only the federal ban on the financing of election ads by corporations, the Supreme Court’s ruling implicitly struck down a host of similar state laws. That’s because the Court decided that a ban on political expenditures that are not coordinated with candidates or parties violates the U.S. Constitution.

States face similar fallout if the Supreme Court invalidates the two-year federal limit on aggregate contributions by individuals—a case we have written about here. At least 12 states impose aggregate (though often much lower) contribution limits on political contributions:

  • Arizona: individuals may give no more than $6,390 to all candidates or committees that give to candidates per calendar year.
  • Connecticut: individuals may give no more than $15,000 to all candidates for the primary and general elections together.
  • District of Columbia: individuals may give no more than $8,500 to all candidates per election cycle.
  • Louisiana: individuals may give no more than $100,000 to all non-candidate committee in a four-year cycle.
  • Maine: individuals may give no more than $25,000 to all candidate committees in Maine per year.
  • Maryland: individuals may give no more than $10,000 to all Maryland political committees in a four-year cycle.
  • Massachusetts: individuals may give no more than $12,500 to all state, county, and local candidates per year.
  • New York: individuals may give no more than $150,000 per calendar year to all registered New York political committees. Although corporations are allowed to contribute to non-federal candidates in New York State, they are subject to a yearly aggregate cap of $5,000.
  • Rhode Island: individuals may give no more than $10,000 per calendar year to all political committees.
  • Washington: during the 21 days before an election, there is an aggregate limit on individual contributions of $50,000 to statewide candidates and $5,000 in the aggregate to any other candidate or political committee.
  • Wisconsin: individuals may give no more than $10,000 per calendar year to all political committees.
  • Wyoming: individuals may give no more than $25,000 to all political committees during the year of the general election and the preceding calendar year.

Relatively few donors presently give the maximum allowed under the two-year federal limit. But if the far more modest limits imposed by state laws are overturned, the implications for state elections could be quite dramatic.

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Photo of Lawrence H. Norton Lawrence H. Norton

Larry Norton, a former general counsel of the Federal Election Commission (FEC), advises clients on federal and state campaign finance laws, lobbying disclosure, gift and ethics rules, pay-to-play laws, and the tax implications of political activities. His clients include corporations and their PACs…

Larry Norton, a former general counsel of the Federal Election Commission (FEC), advises clients on federal and state campaign finance laws, lobbying disclosure, gift and ethics rules, pay-to-play laws, and the tax implications of political activities. His clients include corporations and their PACs, advocacy groups and trade associations, candidates, super PACs, lobbying shops and law firms, and high-net-worth individuals. Larry recognizes the unique issues facing organizations seeking to influence public policy and elections. He provides pragmatic and creative solutions to complex problems, troubleshoots new projects and programs, and helps clients manage their legal and reputational risks.

Photo of Ronald M. Jacobs Ronald M. Jacobs

Ron Jacobs focuses his practice on political law, nonprofit organizations, and crisis management, including congressional investigations, class actions, and regulatory investigations. Ron founded and co-chairs the firm’s nationally recognized Political Law practice. He advises clients on all aspects of state and federal political…

Ron Jacobs focuses his practice on political law, nonprofit organizations, and crisis management, including congressional investigations, class actions, and regulatory investigations. Ron founded and co-chairs the firm’s nationally recognized Political Law practice. He advises clients on all aspects of state and federal political law, including campaign finance, lobbying disclosure, gift and ethics rules, pay-to-play laws, and tax implications of political activities.